Tuesday, June 2, 2020

Persuasive Essay Abortion - Free Essay Example

Persuasive Essay An abortion is defined as the termination of a pregnancy by the removal of a fetus/embryo from the uterus resulting in death. I do not see how that cannot be considered as murder. When a life is purposefully taken by another person, it is murder. There are many other options for mothers that are not ready to be mothers. Having your baby aborted is not the answer; it is just the easiest way to deal with your problem. If a mother is considering having an abortion, she can put her baby up for adoption instead. With the precautions taken for placing children, the child will be put in a home where it can grow up in a healthy and loving environment. The child will be able to live a good life and become a successful member of society. If it had been aborted the child would never have had a chance to live and love. Another option is to keep the baby. Of course sacrifices will have to be made, but the life of a child is more important than money or time. Raising a child is difficult, but there is always family and friends that are ready to help and lend a hand whenever needed. There are ways to receive an education from home or at night if that is the only way to study but also take care of a child. Abortions are selfish acts on the part of mothers. They do not want to deal with the hardships that they are faced with after becoming pregnant. I am sure they are scared, but an abortion is not the answer. Our society is always looking for the easiest, quickest way to solve a problem. This mindset is what makes abortion look so appetizing to young girls who do not know what to do with the surprise they have just received. Unfortunately this easy answer results in the death of an unborn child, defenseless against all outside forces, unable to defend its own life.

Saturday, May 16, 2020

The Importance Of Artificial Intelligence In The Military

As humanity becomes more technologically advanced, the development of artificial intelligence for specific fields of work is becoming more prevalent. One of these fields where artificial intelligence (AI) is beginning to grow rapidly is in the military. All branches of the military are beginning to develop and implement AI on the battlefront in order to replace human soldiers. However, the use of AI to perform life and death decisions is a highly debated over topic. The morals and ethics behind letting a computer decide to take the life of a human is a very complex subject matter, and can be very difficult for average citizens to fully understand. The main question that has to be debated is should autonomous weapons be allowed to make†¦show more content†¦Many questions arise when talking about AI. Questions such as if the weapons should have operators at all time, part of the time, or never, and if the operator should be responsible for any accidental action. To answer these questions, there must first be an understanding of the different types of autonomous weapons. The two basic types of autonomous weapons are â€Å"in the loop† and â€Å"out of loop†. In the loop autonomous weapons allow for human control over the operations at either all or some of the time. These types of autonomous weapons are less debated, and assumingly less dangerous and ethically wrong than out of loop weapons. This is because out of loop autonomous weapons have no human interaction after they are put into use. They make their own decisions, and run solely off the code that is programmed into them (â€Å"The Ethics†). This is when the discussion of a master algorithm comes in and adds more uncertainty to the discussion of AI. A master algorithm will allow artificial intelligence to learn on its own and become significantly smarter than any human. Master algorithms are in development, and there currently AI capable of learning and imple menting though on its own, but everything is still in the works (Worrall). One well known example of artificial intelligence is that of Internation Business Machines’s (IBM’s) Watson. A super computer with an algorithm that allows it to retain information and then apply it to real worldShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Turing Test1426 Words   |  6 Pages One of the hottest topics that modern science has been focusing on for a long time is the field of artificial intelligence, the study of intelligence in machines or, according to Minsky, â€Å"the science of making machines do things that would require intelligence if done by men†.(qtd in Copeland 1). Artificial Intelligence has a lot of applications and is used in many areas. â€Å"We often don’t notice it but AI is all around us. It is present in computer games, in the cruise control in our cars and theRead MoreEssay on Artificial Intelligence and its Uses819 Words   |  4 PagesArtificial Intelligence and its Uses Artificial intelligence is defined as the ability of a machine to think for itself. Scientists and theorists continue to debate if computers will actually be able to think for themselves at one point. The generally accepted theory is that computers do and will think more in the future. AI has grown rapidly in the last ten years because of the advances in computer architecture. As AI advances, human beings are using it to help with some problemsRead MoreRationalism vs. Irrationalism1607 Words   |  7 Pagesrationalistic perspecive we observe the mind as active, the emotions passive, and the notion that no material thing can cause an nonmaterial idea; however from the viewpoint of irrationality I will prove that: 1) Emotion is in fact not passive and 2) Intelligence can be created materially. Before going into detail on irrationalism I wish to explore the rationalistic perspective. The rationalist tends to believe in the existence of truths that could not be discovered through the senses alone,Read MoreThe Adverse Effects of TV Essay examples755 Words   |  4 Pagesby. In his 2011 State of the Union Address, President Obama recognized the threat of American technology on education. He urged parents to make sure the TV is turned off and homework gets done. The president cajoled parents to teach children the importance of hard work and discipline so that they can ensure the advantages of future technological innovation. If society is consumed by the inventions of the present, future inventions will never exist. Television is one of the many sources of technologyRead More Feminism in William Gibsons Neuromancer Essay716 Words   |  3 Pagessociety, these women are not reduced to secondary roles. We even find that one of the strongest characters is a woman. Let us a nalyze these women and discover how Gibson makes them major characters. nbsp; The main female character is Molly, an ex-military member, probably Special Forces, who aids the main character through out the story. She is portrayed as a woman who is not to be messed with. Because you try and fuck around with me, youll be taking on of the stupidest chances of your whole lifeRead MoreSome Principles Of Stratification By Kingsley Davis And Wilbert E. Moore1672 Words   |  7 Pagesworkplace: cashiers may work harder to show their bosses that they deserve a raise and/or to be promoted to a higher position. Davis and Moore also argue that positions within the highest rank and best rewards are the ones which â€Å"a) have the greatest importance for the society and b) require the greatest training or talent† (18). I agree because people who endure the most training and are most qualified should receive benefits that match their competence and qualifications. For example, my uncle is a lawyerRead MoreQuestions and Answers Regarding Artificial Intelligence Essa ys2029 Words   |  9 Pages Subject : ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (BT9402) (B1367) Answer the following: Question no.1 what is the goal of AI? Explain the importance of AI in today’s world. Answer: The basic goals of AI are:- understanding of perceptual, reasoning, learning, linguistic and Creative processes Understanding will be helpful in creation of new and informative intelligent tools for use in different industries and academia. Just as the invention of the internal combustionRead MoreThe Innovative Rise And Effects Of Computer Corporations2017 Words   |  9 PagesTHE INNOVATIVE RISE AND EFFECTS OF COMPUTER CORPORATIONS According to â€Å"The History, Development, and Importance of Personal Computers† of Science and Its Times, in 2001, estimates believed that â€Å"there will be 2 billion PCs in use worldwide as of 2014.† Today, computers have changed our modern society. Almost every human being is using a computer either by ordering out a drive thru at a fast food restaurant or even just surfing the web. Computers allow the world to be interconnected and people fromRead MoreInteraction of Leadership Style with Situational Control According to Fiedlers Contingency Model1256 Words   |  5 PagesDixon, Gilley, 2008). Studies also indicate that the greater the level of emotional intelligence (EI) in a leader, the greater the agility and speed that they progress over each dimension of this model as well. What  is the role of followers in the leadership process? Followers have varying roles to play in the leadership process depending on depth and extent of leader expertise, extent of emotional intelligence (EI) and ability to create a compelling vision through transformational leadershipRead MoreHow Organizations Have Used Industrial Organizational Psychology Essay1586 Words   |  7 Pagesassist with the hiring and training of military personnel in the United States Marine Corps. United States Marine Corps serves as an expeditionary force-in-readiness, and its’ mission has been America s expeditionary force in readiness since 1775. The American people’s peace of mind, safety and security is in the hands of those who serve as Marines. That is the reason the selection and training of quality, trustworthy, and dedicated employees are the utmost importance. An applicant must go through an

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Erikson s Theory And How It Affects My Life - 969 Words

Erikson’s Theory and How it affects my life Erik Erikson created a theory, in which he created eight stages of development based on Freud’s theory of development. The eight stages are trust vs. mistrust, autonomy vs. shame and doubt, initiative vs. guilt, industry vs. inferiority, ego identity vs. role confusion, intimacy vs. isolation, generativity vs. stagnation, and ego integrity vs. despair. As someone develops in age, going through these stages, it increases in complexity. Erikson believed that each stage becomes a crisis that needs to be solved through self-discovery. Erik Erikson was born in Germany in the year 1902. He passed away in 1994 in Harwich, Massachusetts. His work as a psychologist made many improvements to the field. He studied psychoanalysis. He moved to the U.S. because of residency issues in Europe during World War Two. His studies made people relate his theory to their lives and make connections to it whether they be resolutions or not. Stages Of Developmental Crisis The first stage of crisis is trust vs. mistrust. This can be commonly associated with an infant trusting their mother and father. Normally it is connected infants because they are new and trying to decipher who they can trust to care for them, as they can’t do it themselves. The next stage is autonomy vs. shame and doubt, has to do with a child taking on more independence like choosing what they want to wear or eat. This stage is normally when the person is a toddler. They are starting toShow MoreRelatedErik Erikson s Theory Of Psychosocial Development1445 Words   |  6 PagesErik Erikson was an ego psychologists who developed one of the utmost popular and prominent theories of development. While Erikson’s theory was influenced by psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud s work, Erikson s theory centered on psychosocial development rather than psychosexual development. Erik Erikson s theory of psychosocial development is one of the best-known theories of personality in psychology. Much like Sigmund Freud, Erikson believed that personality develops in a series of stages. UnlikeRead MorePsychology Life Spans1433 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Development Throughout the Lifespan NAME. PSY : Personality Theories Argosy University Development throughout the Lifespan The development of our personalities throughout our lifespan can be broken down into various stages when considering Erikson’s approach to psychology development. Each person moves through these stages during life, which directly affects his or her success in the next stage. The personality is being built and shaped at each stage. The first step is toRead MoreMy Future Specialization Will Be Working With Children And Adolescent921 Words   |  4 PagesMy future specialization will be working with children and adolescent. My focus will be to find out why the children are behaving in a manner that is unhealthy for them. Then I will use the theory that is more in place helping me in helping them manage what they experienced or are experiencing with a more optimistic attitude. For example, there are many children and youth who are still trying to determine â€Å"who they are and their purpose in life†. As Erikson 1950, 1968; and Ferrer-Wreder et al (2008Read MoreVygotsky s Theory Of Identity Development Essay1570 Words   |  7 Pagesaspects of a childs life, for they can not live with out social interaction, the moment they are born they are being interacted with, typically social development happens to everyone throughout their life, with the rare cases of adults becoming hermits, there is no escape from developing socially to fit in with those around you, or to stand out. works along side emotional development as how we develop socially affects our emotions and the emotions of those around us. While how we act out our emotionsRead MoreErikson s Psychosocial Theory And Psychosocial Development1561 Words   |  7 PagesTheories and Theorists Theories are the building blocks of psychology. Theories whether old or new has allowed us to know what we know now. There are many theories in the field of psychology or educational psychology that are important to further understand human behavior. However, this paper will focus on only two theories which are; Erikson’s psychosocial theory and Alfred Adler’s Adlerian theory. Erik Erikson’s psychosocial development has always been a great contribution to the field of psychologyRead MoreDoes an Infant’s Temperament Shape His/Her Cognitive and Socio-Emotional Development?1333 Words   |  6 PagesIn this paper I will explain how temperament shapes the cognitive, socio-emotional development. I will discuss various theories of human development, identify the social and emotional domains development and how they affect temperament. I will discuss the eight stages of socialization according to Eric Erikson, and the cultural perspectives of temperament. A person’s temperament, biology, environment, and even attachment to others can affect how social the individual is. Temperament is an importantRead MoreAnalysis Of The Play A Doll s House 1410 Words   |  6 Pagesas a feminine ideal of that period, in addition, women were supposed to live a highly restrictive life with their life centered round their husband and subsequently their children. Although, women were supposed to be treated with respect by men, most men viewed women as weak and having no ability to perform any task. In the play â€Å"A Doll’s House† the character Nora shows how these expectations affect her behavior which reflect her desire to change the traditional gender roles in the demanding societyRead MoreEssay about Lifespan Development and Eriksons Stages of Development1644 Words   |  7 Pagesages stages where we develop from infancy till death. This essay will contain my life story to display the domains in 5 age stages in my lifespan d evelopment. The domains I will be exploring is in this essay is physical, emotional, cognitive, social, cultural and moral domain. The influence of biological and environmental play a significant role in my development. Development is influenced by nature or nurture and its affect will occur throughout lifespan. The changes that occur during development haveRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby1381 Words   |  6 Pagesin order to devise their statuses. The narrator, Nick Carraway, is disparate from others due to the place he grew up which is exemplified when he moves to New York from the Midwest. Tom Buchanan satisfies his desire for love by having women in his life as well as his wife Daisy. Jay Gatsby and Daisy Buchanan have been fond of each other since they met many years ago and their love for one another made Gatsby determined to create a new rich and extravagant lifestyle in order to completely win overRead MoreAttachment And Its Effects On Children s Life1025 Wor ds   |  5 Pageswhich attachment is formed during gestation will eventually affect or enhance the child stance during pregnancy or even after birth. Attachment can be defined as the manner in which an infant creates an emotional connection between specific members. Attachment can be clearly detected, especially with the persons who are closer to the infant. In the article â€Å"Attachment Issues†, states the definition of attachment by theorist John Bowlby, and how attachment is constructed â€Å"Is not a one-time event, but

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

House on Mango Street Review free essay sample

The book being reviewed is titled, The House on Mango Street and was written by Sandra Cisneros and first published in 1984. The book follows a young Latina girl growing up in Chicago as she travels on the roller coaster of life trying to find her way. The story is told in a series of vignettes. The price of the book is $11. 00 and ISBN: 978-0-679-73477-2. Sandra Cisneros is well known for her poetry and short story collections; her ability to connect several short stories/vignettes is flawless. The purpose of this book was to tell a coming-of-age story. Covering a year of the life of a Mexican-American girl, Esperanza, who faces many challenges as she finds her own way through this crucial year of development both physically and mentally/emotionally. My own perception of the purpose of this book was to expose some of the cultural traditions and circumstances of a Mexican family living in America. We will write a custom essay sample on House on Mango Street Review or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Also, on the page before the Table of Contents, there is one page with the words â€Å"A las Muejeres†¦. To the Women†; clearly Cisneros intended to make an impact of the lives of females. In any well written novel there are several themes. The main theme that jumped out at me was the idea behind language and how it can define you. For example, Esperanza talks about how her father couldn’t make any choices about what he would eat when he first came to America because he wasn’t able to communicate in English; consequently he ate â€Å"hamandeggs† for three months because he didn’t know any other words in English. Also, when Esperanza’s mom writes a letter to the school and it doesn’t get much positive attention because it’s so written in broken English. Finally, when the lady arrives to live with the man across the street, Esperanza calls her â€Å"mamacita†. Mamacita never comes out of the house and Esperanza thinks it’s because she doesn’t speak English; she sits and listens to Spanish radio all day and encourages her son to â€Å"No speak English†. The thesis is that in order to have power in this country, Esperanza will need to not only speak English, but master the language. Cisneros describes Mamacita as having a need to stay in the house all the time because she can’t speak English; even further, because she stays in the house all day she is sad and often fights with the man she lives with. Cisneros also exposes Esperanza’s father’s choice to never eat ham and eggs again because he was forced to eat it breakfast, lunch and dinner when he first came to this country. Both of these situations explain the negative effects of not speaking English and how it leaves you powerless in American society. The House on Mango Street is a quick read that leaves a huge impact. Esperanza’s struggles as a member of a Mexican family in America are not isolated to relating only to Mexican-American families or other immigrant groups; every reader can find a way to relate to Esperanza’s story in this novel. In particular, the lesson of befriending Sally stood out. Esperanza befriends Sally because she is starting to be curious about boys. She finds that Sally is very popular among the boys and wants to hang out with her to earn their attention as well. Eventually being involved with Sally leads Esperanza into an unfortunate and traumatizing experience. I think that our teens and young adults in society will really resonate with this part of the novel and possibly learn something from this story. Also, pay special attention to the women Cisneros describes as sitting by windows. Each of these women represents a negative and almost helpless figure in society for a variety of reasons. Cisneros has received many awards for her work and has been internationally recognized. Cisneros is the founder of the Macondo Foundation, an association of writers united to serve underserved communities. To learn more about Sandra Cisneros, you can visit her website at www. sandracisneros. com. In the final chapter Cisneros writes â€Å"One day I will pack my bags of books and paper. One day I will say goodbye to Mango. I am too strong to keep me here forever†¦Friends and neighbors will say, ‘What happened to that Esperanza? ’† This is a very profound statement; it shows that Esperanza differentiates herself from this current life she’s experiencing. That with her life experience and language proficiency she will escape from Mango Street, leaving behind those who are not strong enough to get out.

Saturday, April 18, 2020

The Passamaquoddy Indians Essays - , Term Papers

The Passamaquoddy Indians For several hundred years people have sought answers to the Indian problems, who are the Indians, and what rights do they have? These questions may seem simple, but the answers themselves present a difficult number of further questions and answers. State and Federal governments have tried to provide some order with a number of laws and policies, sometimes resulting in state and federal conflicts. The Federal Government's attempt to deal with Indian tribes can be easily understood by following the history of Federal Indian Policy. Indians all over the United States fought policies which threatened to destroy their familial bonds and traditions. The Passamaquoddy Indian Tribe of Maine, resisted no less than these other tribes, however, thereby also suffering a hostile anti-Indian environment from the Federal Government and their own State, Maine. But because the Passamaquoddy Tribe was located in such a remote area, they escaped many federal Indian policies. In order to make more eastern land available for settlement, Congress passed the Indian Removal Act in 1830. This enabled the President of the United States to have power physically to move eastern Indian tribes to land west of the Mississippi River. Indian Title did not grant the Indians the power to sell their own lands. The result of which was that, the Indians went uncompensated for their lands and the Original Indian Title was forsaken. Although more than 70,000 Indians had been forcibly removed in a ten-year journey westward, a trip that became known as the Trail of Tears, the Passamaquoddy Indians remained in the northeast. This was possibly due to their remoteness and harsh winters of the North Atlantic coast. Between 1821 and 1839 the state of Maine allowed timber havesting of the Passamaquoddy land in direct violation of the 1794 treaty and later sold more of their lands without compensation (Brooks 3). The 1774 treaty was signed between the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and the Passamaquoddy Tribe. The treaty stipulated that the tribe would surrender all claims to land in Massachusetts in exchange for 23,000 acres at Indian Township and ten acres at Pleasant Point. Indian Township is located just above Princeton, Maine, and Pleasant Point is located between Eastport and Perry, Maine. This treaty was signed after the enactment of the Trade and Intercourse Acts, which held that no treaties could be made with the Indians, except with federal approval. There was no federal approval with this treaty (Brooks 3). The State of Maine's courts in 1842 described Indians as charity cases and imbeciles, subject to paternal control by the state. After years of being forcibly removed or displaced by white settlers, the Passamaquoddy were reduced to living a meager existence form hunting, fishing, trapping, and craft making (Brooks 3). The General Allotment Act of 1887 was passed with the concept that if Indians were given individual plots of land, they would farm that land and assimilate into the white culture. Allotted parcels of land were given to families, and the excess lands were sold off. This resulted in a disastrous loss of Indian Land, from 138 million acres in 1887 to 48 million in 1834, 20 million of which was desert (Brooks 4). In 1924, Congress passed a law giving U.S. citizenship to all Indians born in the U.S., but individual states could still prohibit the Indians from voting. The state of Maine, in 1892, decided that the Passamaquoddy Tribe no longer existed. This meant that the tribe was subject to all state laws. In the education of the Indians, the goal was to eliminate all traces of Indianness in the children (Baussenron 38). The Great Depression in the 1930's made fewer jobs available for the Passamaquoddy. Congress passed the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, based on the concept that the Allotment Act had been a complete failure (Baussenron 38). This new act helped the tribe in self-government and protected the land base of the tribes. It ended the Allotment Act and restored the surplus lands to the Indians. This land only included the land that had not already been sold off. The Act also encouraged tribes to adopt constitutions. However, this self-government still had to be approved by the federal government. Congress terminated a number of tribes. This meant

Saturday, March 14, 2020

If liability for negligence exists, a thoughtless Essays

If liability for negligence exists, a thoughtless Essays If liability for negligence exists, a thoughtless Essay If liability for negligence exists, a thoughtless Essay â€Å" If liability for carelessness exists, a thoughtless faux pas or blooper may expose [ the suspect ] to a liability in an indeterminate sum for an undetermined clip to an undetermined category. The jeopardies of a concern conducted on these footings are so utmost as to conflagrate uncertainty as to whether a defect may non be in the deduction of a responsibility that exposes to these consequences.† [ Cardozo C.J. in Ultramares Corporation v. Touche ( 1931 ) ] . Does this development of English Law in relation to negligent misstatement and negligently inflicted economic loss suggest that such uncertainties are good, or ill, founded? Introduction â€Å" If liability for carelessness exists, a thoughtless faux pas or blooper may expose [ the suspect ] to a liability in an indeterminate sum for an undetermined clip to an undetermined category. The jeopardies of a concern conducted on these footings are so utmost as to conflagrate uncertainty as to whether a defect may non be in the deduction of a responsibility that exposes to these consequences.† This infusion came from Cardozo C.J’s determination in the instance ofUltramares Corporation V Touche[ 1 ] in the Court of Appeals of New York in 1931. Ultramares Corporation had originally sued George Touche ( an accounting house ) and others for amendss suffered through misstatements of the comptrollers. Their first cause of action was for negligent misstatements while the other was for deceitful misstatements. The justice expressed concern that infliction of liability for negligent misstatements would hold on concerns was so terrible as to do it necessary to see whether it would non be a error to enforce such liability. This concern has been echoed by British tribunals in several instances since so. It is my sentiment that the development of English jurisprudence in relation to negligent misstatement and negligently inflicted economic loss suggest the uncertainties he expressed are good founded. Main organic structure The action related to equilibrate sheets that had been prepared and certified by the comptrollers for one Fred Stern amp ; Co. Inc. Based on these balance sheets, Ultramares Corporation entered into some recognition minutess with Fred Stern amp ; Co. Inc. There was no uncertainty that the comptrollers had so been negligent in fixing the balance sheets. What the tribunal considered in the instance was whether or non the carelessness constituted an actionable incorrect to the palintiff. In the first case, the 2nd cause of action was dismissed but the tribunal found for the palintiffs on the first cause- that for carelessness. On entreaty, the appellant tribunal reversed the determination on carelessness cause of action. The enunciation cited above came from a cross entreaty instance brought by the plaintiff/ claimants. It had already been established inDonoghue V Stevenson[ 2 ] that liability could be established for negligent actions that cause others and since it was a first, the determination in the instance besides suggested that the classs of carelessness were non closed and that civil wrong was non limited to particular classs of responsibility of attention. [ 3 ] After this determination, it became inevitable that the kingdom of liability would widen finally beyond that for physical injury. It has and that is why in instances afterwards tribunals considered whether to widen the boundaries to include economic loss due to negligent statements as opposed to merely amendss for physical harm due to negligent Acts of the Apostless or skips. InHedley Byrne A ; Co. Ltd c Heller A ; Spouses, [ 4 ] which was decided in 1964, the tribunal decided that the suspects would hold been apt for negligent misstatements, had their contract with the claimants non included a disclaimer that their statements were made without duty. This determination suggested that in instances where there are no disclaimers in the contract, there would be liability and therefore amendss would be awarded. One would believe that with such a case in point, tribunals would present amendss more frequently for negligent misstatements. But tribunals have by and large been loath to delegate this liability in instances before them. One ground for this is the fright expressed by Cardozo CJ inUltramares Corporation V Touche.If granted, the liability could be illimitable both in footings of clip and sum of amendss and suers. Besides, as was noted by Lord Reid inHedley Byrne, whereas, with goods, it would be unusual for negligently made articles to be put in circulation, it was far more usual for someone’s words to be broadcast even to audiences he/she neer intended for it to be broadcast. It would so be unreasonable to keep such a individual apt when another oarty suffers amendss through trust on these statements. It has been suggested that trials be applied in order to find liability of the writer of the statement. One such trial is the presence of voluntary premise of duty. Using this trial to theUltramaresinstance would propose that the accountants’ certification could represent such voluntary premise. In using this trial nevertheless, a possible job would be determining which parties the voluntary premise was made to. A party could do a voluntary premise without cognizing what parties would move on the dorsum of their statement. The ‘limitlessness’ of the liability could therefore, still exist. InCaparo Industries v Dickman[ 5 ] , Lord Oliver noted that â€Å"the chances for the imposition of monetary loss from the imperfect public presentation of mundane undertakings upon the proper public presentation of which people rely for modulating their personal businesss are limitless and the effects are far-reaching† . Another trial that has been suggested is the trial of sensible trust of the claimant. This was supported by Lord Morris’ pronouncement inHedley Byrne. [ 6 ] Harmonizing to this trial, a responsibility of attention exists when a â€Å"person takes it upon himself to give information or advice to, or let his information or advice to be passed on to another individual who, as he knows or should cognize will put trust on it.† Whatever trials are applied, it seems necessary that the regulation in Hedley Byrne needs to be limited in some manner or the other. The premise of duty trial has been applied in many English instances. InWilliams v Natural Life Health Foods Ltd[ 7 ],Lord Steyn asserted that ‘there is no better rationalisation for the relevant caput of civil wrong liability than premise of responsibility’ . [ 8 ] In instances likeSmith V Bush[ 9 ] andSpring V Guardian Assurance[ 10 ] though, the trial was held non to use. In Smith, because there was held non to hold been a voluntary premise of liability because there was a disclaimer and in Spring because the advise was given to a 3rd party. However, in the two instances, there was held to hold been liability for carelessness. It has therefore been suggested that even when the regulation in Hedley Byrne does non use, the tribunals mat still travel in front to present amendss every bit long as economic injury is foreseeable. [ 11 ] Courts have besides stressed the importance of a particular relationship between the claimant and the suspect. [ 12 ] It besides seems that tribunals have besides been loath to present amendss for liability in instances of negligent misstatement because redress may be available from elsewhere. For case, particularly in two party instances, there may be a breach of contract and the complainant may be able to claim amendss. In some other instances, the complainant may be able to claim under the Misrepresentation Act 1967. I n some other instances, It may be possible to turn out deceitful misstatements. Second, an action in economic jog may non be necessary every bit long as action in carelessness exists. Once a tribunal finds that there has been negligence, it could travel in front and award general amendss for carelessness without holding to travel into economic civil wrongs and economic loss which would balloon the liability out of proportion. In instances where carelessness has resulted in amendss seeable amendss to concern, tribunals should take this into consideration in presenting amendss without needfully carving out a separate civil wrong over which there would be small or no control. Businesss would non be able to anticipate or forestall some of the amendss that may originate from statements that they have made negligently even if they have voluntarily assumed duty. Decision If a universal regulation where to be created, presenting amendss whenever person suffers on the dorsum of misstatements made by person else whether or non they bound by contract or an project, the liability would so be limitless and the range of application would non be governable and there would non be an terminal to judicial proceeding. English tribunals have hence expressed and exercised cautiousness in presenting amendss for fright that a cosmopolitan regulation may emerge which would take to untold adversity and hinder effectual behavior of concern. Doubt hence, does be, in my sentiment, that a defect may be in the deduction of a responsibility that exposes to guess to concern that may originate from the being of liability for carelessness. Bibliography Carty H. â€Å" An analysis of the Economic Torts† ( 2001 ) Oxford, Clarendon Press Deakin S. , Johnston A. And Markesinis B â€Å"Markesisnis and Deakin’s Tort Law† ( Fifth Edition ) [ 2003 ] Oxford, Clarendon Press Stapleton J. â€Å"Duty of Care and Economic Loss: a wider agenda† 107 LQR ( 1991 ) 249 Cases Caparo Industries v Dickman[ 1990 ] 2 AC 605 Donoghue V Stevenson[ 1932 ] AC 562, HL Hedley Byrne A ; Co. Ltd c Heller A ; Spouses[ 1964 ] AC 465 Ultramares Corporation V Touche255 N.Y. 170, 174 N.E. 441, 74 A.L.R. 1139 Williams v Natural Life Health Foods Ltd[ 1999 ] 1 WLR 831 Smith V Bush[ 1990 ] 1 AC 831 Spring V Guardian Assurance[ 1995 ] 2 AC 296 Peabody v Parkinson[ 1985 ] AC 210 1

Thursday, February 27, 2020

Community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Community - Essay Example A number of various factors tension the cohesion of the group. The greatest tension affecting the group is unethical use of instant messaging platforms. Some people use instant messaging to propagate hate speech, racial sentiments, and biased political ideas among other unethical uses. Another cause of tension of the cohesion in this community is that information that is sent on this community may not be appealing to all classes of people in this community. I am a regular user of this instant messaging. In one of my instant messaging community, I fit by finding friends who I know. These friends are my classmates and my former classmates, my sisters and brothers, my parents and relatives, as well as friends who I hang out with during weekends, games, and window-shopping. I want to be part of this community because I find it entertaining to socialize with my fellow friends. The community is also informative and thus of great value to its members. I get to know other friends who I may not have come across physically in this group too. It provides a great network of friends, information, and